Types of foundations pdf

Cantilever or strap footings : These are similar to combined footings , except that the footings under columns are built independently, and are joined by strap beam. Lecture Note COSC 4(M.E. Haque) 6. Raft or Mat foundation : This is a large continuous footing supporting all the columns of the structure. Deep foundations include piles, pile walls , diaphragm walls and caissons. TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS Foundations can be can be categorized into basically two types: Shallow and Deep.

Shallow Foundations : These types of foundations are so called because they are placed at a shallow depth (relative to their dimensions) beneath the soil surface.

Individual Footing or Isolated Footing. Highly variable foundations in sandstone Uniformity in foundations is necessary to avoid the risk of differential settlement and distortion of the structure. Several Types of Deep Foundations Are Discussed Below: 1. Pile foundation is a common type of deep foundation. They are used to reduce cost and when as per soil condition considerations, it is desirable to transmit loads to soil strata which are beyond the reach of shallow foundations.

Normally all deep foundations are referred us pile foundation. But there are some other types, Caisson or Pier Foundation. Caisson or pier foundations are often used in large construction under water bodies such as river, sea.

Drilled Shaft Foundation. These type of foundations are used in bridges and large structures (metro train projects) where a long cylindrical casing will be inserted and then poured with concrete along with reinforcement. Classification of Deep Foundation. Pile is a slender member with small area of cross-section relative to its length.

Broadly speaking, all types of shallow foundations can be referred to as spread footing foundations. However ,from design and construction point of view, they have been designated separately. The words shallow and deep refer to the depth of soil in which the foundation is made.

Shallow foundations can be made in depths of as little as 3ft (1m), while deep foundations can be made at depths of - 200ft (- 65m). What are some types of foundation? Which foundation type is best? Types Of Bridge Foundations And Their Suitability: Depending upon nature and depth, bridge foundations can be classified into the following types : 1. Spread or open foundation. Inverted arch foundation.

RECOMMENDED RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION FOR COASTAL AREAS 2- foundations Figure 2-1. Recommended open foundation practice for buildings in A zones, Coastal A zones, and V zones. SourcE: COastal COnstruCtiOn manual (FEMA 55) Figure 2-2.

Hence shallow foundations are generally known as spread footing. Types of Piles: Their Characteristics and General Use BERNARD A.

GRAN Hardesty and Hanover This paper presents a review of the current practice and usage of the numerous types of pile in general construction. Information on this sub­ ject was obtained from a review of existing literature and from field ex­ perience. Various Types of foundations used in Building Construction: Foundations can be broadly classified into two categories – Shallow Foundations – these are used when stable soil of adequate bearing capacity is available relatively near to the ground surface. Different Types of Shallow Foundations. A strip footing is provided for a load-bearing wall.

Learn about the most common types of residential structural foundations.